Travel health
Zika Virus
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that can cause mild symptoms in adults but poses significant risks during pregnancy, leading to birth defects.
There is currently no vaccine for Zika Virus. The only reliable protection is avoiding mosquito bites — see our bite-protection guide below.
What is Zika Virus?
Zika virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. While many infected individuals remain asymptomatic, common symptoms include fever, rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise, and headache. The virus gained global attention during the 2015–2016 outbreak due to its association with severe birth defects, such as microcephaly, when contracted by pregnant women. As of now, there is no approved vaccine for Zika virus; however, research and clinical trials are ongoing to develop a safe and effective vaccine.
Where is there a risk of Zika Virus?
Zika virus is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of Africa, South-East Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Americas. Notable outbreaks have occurred in Brazil, other South American countries, and the Caribbean. Travellers to these areas should be aware of the potential risk, especially pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant.
Who is at risk of Zika Virus?
Travellers to endemic regions are at risk of contracting Zika virus, particularly if they are exposed to mosquito bites. The risk is heightened for pregnant women due to the potential for severe birth defects in infants. Preventive measures include using insect repellents, wearing long-sleeved clothing, staying in accommodations with air conditioning or window and door screens, and practicing safe sex to prevent sexual transmission of the virus.
What are the symptoms of Zika Virus?
Fever
Rash
Conjunctivitis
Muscle pain
Joint pain
Headache
Malaise
Bite avoidance
Spread by daytime mosquito bites
Zika Virus is spread by Aedes mosquitoes, which bite mainly during the day. Avoiding mosquito bites is a key part of your protection. Daytime bite protection matters: use 40–50% DEET repellent, cover up and keep bites off from morning through to dusk.
Prevention is your best defence against Zika Virus
There's no vaccine, so avoiding mosquito bites is essential — we'll give you a personalised plan for your trip.
Learn more
Trusted resources
Authoritative guidance on Zika Virus from leading public health bodies.
